President Trump asked for updates and met with advisers in the Oval Office before recording a four-minute video in which he blamed rhetoric from the "radical left" for the killing.
Mr. Kirk was among the faithful who had helped Mr. Trump build a comeback after the Jan. 6, 2021, attack on the Capitol made him a political outcast. Mr. Trump brought him into his second-term inner circle.
Though it failed, Mr. Schumer's proposal brought the contentious debate over the Trump administration's handling of the Epstein files to the Senate, which has largely avoided it.
The chair of the Finance Committee sent the agency a letter inquiring about allegations that it had put the confidential personal information of Americans at risk.
At a heated committee session on bills exerting more federal control of Washington, the 88-year-old delegate sat quietly, reading with difficulty from a script.